first across the continent-第54部分
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aving made a fire； and cooked our supper of horseflesh and roots； collected all the distinguished men present； and spent the evening in making known who we were； what were the objects of our journey； and in answering their inquiries。 To each of the chiefs Tunnachemootoolt and Hohastillpilp we gave a small medal； explaining their use and importance as honorary distinctions both among the whites and the red men。 Our men were well pleased at once more having made a hearty meal。 They had generally been in the habit of crowding into the houses of the Indians； to purchase provisions on the best terms they could； for the inhospitality of the country was such； that often； in the extreme of hunger； they were obliged to treat the natives with but little ceremony； but this Twisted Hair had told us was very disagreeable。 Finding that these people are so kind and liberal； we ordered our men to treat them with the greatest respect； and not to throng round their fires； so that they now agree perfectly well together。 After the council the Indians felt no disposition to retire； and our tent was filled with them all night。〃
As the expedition was here in a populous country； among many bands of Indians； it was thought wise to have a powwow with the head men and explain to them what were the intentions of the United States Government。 But； owing to the crooked course which their talk must needs take； it was very difficult to learn if the Indians finally understood what was said。 Here is the journal's account of the way in which the powwow was conducted：
〃We collected the chiefs and warriors； and having drawn a map of the relative situation of our country on a mat with a piece of coal； detailed the nature and power of the American nation； its desire to preserve harmony between all its red brethren； and its intention of establishing trading…houses for their relief and support。 It was not without difficulty； nor till after nearly half the day was spent； that we were able to convey all this information to the Chopunnish； much of which might have been lost or distorted in its circuitous route through a variety of languages； for in the first place； we spoke in English to one of our men； who translated it into French to Chaboneau； he interpreted it to his wife in the Minnetaree language； she then put it into Shoshonee； and the young Shoshonee prisoner explained it to the Chopunnish in their own dialect。 At last we succeeded in communicating the impression we wished； and then adjourned the council； after which we amused them by showing the wonders of the compass； spy…glass； magnet； watch； and air…gun； each of which attracted its share of admiration。〃
The simple…minded Indians； who seemed to think that the white men could heal all manner of diseases； crowded around them next day； begging for medicines and treatment。 These were freely given； eye…water being most in demand。 There was a general medical powwow。 The journal adds：
〃Shortly after； the chiefs and warriors held a council among themselves； to decide on an answer to our speech； and the result was； as we were informed； that they had full confidence in what we had told them； and were resolved to follow our advice。 This determination having been made； the principal chief； Tunnachemootoolt； took a quantity of flour of the roots of cow…weed ＇cowas＇； and going round to all the kettles and baskets in which his people were cooking； thickened the soup into a kind of mush。 He then began an harangue； setting forth the result of the deliberations among the chiefs； and after exhorting them to unanimity； concluded with an invitation to all who acquiesced in the proceedings of the council to come and eat； while those who were of a different mind were requested to show their dissent by not partaking of the feast。 During this animated harangue； the women； who were probably uneasy at the prospect of forming this proposed new connection with strangers； tore their hair； and wrung their hands with the greatest appearance of distress。 But the concluding appeal of the orator effectually stopped the mouths of every malecontent； and the proceedings were ratified； and the mush devoured with the most zealous unanimity。
〃The chiefs and warriors then came in a body to visit us as we were seated near our tent； and at their instance； two young men； one of whom was a son of Tunnachemootoolt； and the other the youth whose father had been killed by the Pahkees； presented to us each a fine horse。 We invited the chiefs to be seated； and gave every one of them a flag； a pound of powder； and fifty balls； and a present of the same kind to the young men from whom we had received the horses。 They then invited us into the tent； and said that they now wished to answer what we had told them yesterday； but that many of their people were at that moment waiting in great pain for our medical assistance。〃
It was agreed； therefore； that Captain Clark； who seems to have been their favorite physician； should attend to the sick and lame； while Captain Lewis should conduct a council with the chiefs and listen to what they had to say。 The upshot of the powwow was that the Chopunnish said they had sent three of their warriors with a pipe to make peace with the Shoshonees； last summer； as they had been advised to do by the white men。 The Shoshonees； unmindful of the sacredness of this embassy； had killed the young warriors and had invited the battle which immediately took place； in which the Chopunnish killed forty…two of the Shoshonees； to get even for the wanton killing of their three young men。 The white men now wanted some of the Chopunnish to accompany them to the plains of the Missouri； but the Indians were not willing to go until they were assured that they would not be waylaid and slain by their enemies of the other side of the mountains。 The Chopunnish would think over the proposal that some of their young men should go over the range with the white men； a decision on this point should be reached before the white men left the country。 Anyhow； the white men might be sure that the Indians would do their best to oblige their visitors。 Their conclusion was； 〃For； although we are poor； our hearts are good。〃 The story of this conference thus concludes：
〃As soon as this speech was concluded； Captain Lewis replied at some length； with this they appeared highly gratified； and after smoking the pipe； made us a present of another fat horse for food。 We； in turn； gave Broken…arm a phial of eye…water； with directions to wash the eyes of all who should apply for it； and as we promised to fill it again when it was exhausted； he seemed very much pleased with our liberality。 To Twisted…hair； who had last night collected six more horses； we gave a gun； one hundred balls； and two pounds of powder； and told him he should have the same quantity when we received the remainder of our horses。 In the course of the day three more of them were brought in； and a fresh exchange of small presents put the Indians in excellent humor。 On our expressing a wish to cross the river and form a camp； in order to hunt and fish till the snows had melted； they recommended a position a few miles distant； and promised to furnish us to…morrow with a canoe to cross。 We invited Twisted…hair to settle near our camp； for he has several young sons； one of whom we hope to engage as a guide； and he promised to do so。 Having now settled all their affairs； the Indians divided themselves into two parties； and began to play the game of hiding a bone； already described as common to all the natives of this country； which they continued playing for beads and other ornaments。〃
As there was so dismal a prospect for crossing the snow…covered mountains at this season of the year； the captains of the expedition resolved to establish a camp and remain until the season should be further advanced。 Accordingly； a spot on the north side of the river； recommended to them by the Indians； was selected； and a move across the stream was made。 A single canoe was borrowed for the transit of the baggage； and the horses were driven in to swim across； and the passage was accomplished without loss。 The camp was built on the site of an old Indian house； in a circle about thirty yards in diameter； near the river and in an advantageous position。 As soon as the party were encamped； the two Chopunnish chiefs came down to the opposite bank； and； with twelve of their nation； began to sing。 This was the custom of these people； being a token of their friendship on such occasions。 The captains sent a canoe over for the chiefs； and； after smoking for some time； Hohastillpilp presented Captain with a fine gray horse which he had brought over for that purpose； and he was perfectly satisfied to receive in return a handkerchief； two hundred balls； and four pounds of powder。
Here is some curious information concerning the bears which they found in this region。 It must be borne in mind that they were still west of the Bitter Root Mountains：
〃The hunters killed some pheasants； two squirrels； and a male and a female bear； the first of which was large； fat； and of a bay color； the second meagre； grizzly； and of smaller size。 They were of the species ＇Ursus horribilis＇ common to the upper part of the Missouri； and
