manifesto of the communist party-第9部分

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feelings　and　purses　of　the　bourgeois。　　By　degrees　they　sink　into

the　category　of　the　reactionary　conservative　Socialists　depicted

above；　differing　from　these　only　by　more　systematic　pedantry；　and

by　their　fanatical　and　superstitious　belief　in　the　miraculous

effects　of　their　social　science。



They；　therefore；　violently　oppose　all　political　action　on　the

part　of　the　working　class；　such　action；　according　to　them；　can

only　result　from　blind　unbelief　in　the　new　Gospel。



The　Owenites　in　England；　and　the　Fourierists　in　France；

respectively；　oppose　the　Chartists　and　the　Reformistes。







IV。　　POSITION　OF　THE　COMMUNISTS　IN　RELATION　TO　THE

VARIOUS　EXISTING　OPPOSITION　PARTIES



Section　II　has　made　clear　the　relations　of　the　Communists　to　the

existing　working…class　parties；　such　as　the　Chartists　in　England

and　the　Agrarian　Reformers　in　America。



The　Communists　fight　for　the　attainment　of　the　immediate　aims；

for　the　enforcement　of　the　momentary　interests　of　the　working

class；　but　in　the　movement　of　the　present；　they　also　represent

and　take　care　of　the　future　of　that　movement。　　In　France　the

Communists　ally　themselves　with　the　Social…Democrats；　against　the

conservative　and　radical　bourgeoisie；　reserving；　however；　the

right　to　take　up　a　critical　position　in　regard　to　phrases　and

illusions　traditionally　handed　down　from　the　great　Revolution。



In　Switzerland　they　support　the　Radicals；　without　losing　sight

of　the　fact　that　this　party　consists　of　antagonistic　elements；

partly　of　Democratic　Socialists；　in　the　French　sense；　partly　of

radical　bourgeois。



In　Poland　they　support　the　party　that　insists　on　an　agrarian

revolution　as　the　prime　condition　for　national　emancipation；　that

party　which　fomented　the　insurrection　of　Cracow　in　1846。



In　Germany　they　fight　with　the　bourgeoisie　whenever　it　acts　in　a

revolutionary　way；　against　the　absolute　monarchy；　the　feudal

squirearchy；　and　the　petty　bourgeoisie。



But　they　never　cease；　for　a　single　instant；　to　instil　into　the

working　class　the　clearest　possible　recognition　of　the　hostile

antagonism　between　bourgeoisie　and　proletariat；　in　order　that　the

German　workers　may　straightaway　use；　as　so　many　weapons　against

the　bourgeoisie；　the　social　and　political　conditions　that　the

bourgeoisie　must　necessarily　introduce　along　with　its　supremacy；

and　in　order　that；　after　the　fall　of　the　reactionary　classes　in

Germany；　the　fight　against　the　bourgeoisie　itself　may　immediately

begin。



The　Communists　turn　their　attention　chiefly　to　Germany；　because

that　country　is　on　the　eve　of　a　bourgeois　revolution　that　is

bound　to　be　carried　out　under　more　advanced　conditions　of

European　civilisation；　and　with　a　much　more　developed

proletariat；　than　that　of　England　was　in　the　seventeenth；　and　of

France　in　the　eighteenth　century；　and　because　the　bourgeois

revolution　in　Germany　will　be　but　the　prelude　to　an　immediately

following　proletarian　revolution。



In　short；　the　Communists　everywhere　support　every　revolutionary

movement　against　the　existing　social　and　political　order　of

things。



In　all　these　movements　they　bring　to　the　front；　as　the　leading

question　in　each；　the　property　question；　no　matter　what　its

degree　of　development　at　the　time。



Finally；　they　labour　everywhere　for　the　union　and　agreement　of

the　democratic　parties　of　all　countries。



The　Communists　disdain　to　conceal　their　views　and　aims。

They　openly　declare　that　their　ends　can　be　attained　only　by

the　forcible　overthrow　of　all　existing　social　conditions。

Let　the　ruling　classes　tremble　at　a　Communistic　revolution。

The　proletarians　have　nothing　to　lose　but　their　chains。

They　have　a　world　to　win。





　　　　　　　　　　　WORKING　MEN　OF　ALL　COUNTRIES；　UNITE！













End