the moravians in georgia-第36部分

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　the　mechanic　of　the　coming　race。〃　〃He　was　not　only　bold　in　God；　fearless　and　full　of　courage；　but　also　lowly　of　heart；　meek　of　spirit；　never　thinking　highly　of　himself。　Selfishness　was　unknown　to　him。　　His　heart　poured　out　a　stream　of　love　to　his　fellowmen。　　In　a　word；　his　character　was　upright；　honest；　loving　and　noble；　as　free　from　faults　as　can　be　expected　of　any　man　this　side　of　the　grave。〃*

　*　〃Life　and　Times　of　David　Zeisberger〃；　by　Rt。　Rev。　Edmund　de　Schweinitz。　

He　died　at　Goshen；　Ohio；　Nov。　17th；　1808；　having　labored　among　the　Indians　for　sixty　years。

Like　Spangenberg；　Peter　Boehler's　story　belongs　to　the　whole　Moravian　Church；　rather　than　to　the　Georgia　colony。　　His　time　was　divided　between　England　and　America；　in　both　of　which　spheres　he　labored　most　successfully。　　Jan。　10th；　1748；　he　was　consecrated　bishop　at　Marienborn；　Germany。　　After　Zinzendorf's　death　he　helped　frame　the　new　Church　constitution；　and　in　1769　was　elected　to　the　governing　board　of　the　entire　Unitas　Fratrum。　　He　died　in　London；　April　20th；　1774；　having　been　there　for　a　year　on　a　visitation　to　the　English　congregations　of　the　Moravian　Church。




Chapter　VII。　　Conclusion。



　　Later　Attempts　in　Georgia。

　　　　　　　　　　　　1740。

May　18th；　1740；　John　Hagen　arrived　in　Savannah。　　He　had　come　over　intending　to　go　as　missionary　to　the　Cherokees；　and　his　disappointment　in　finding　that　the　Moravians　had　abandoned　Georgia　is　another　example　of　the　enormous　difficulty　under　which　mission　work　was　conducted　in　those　days；　when　the　most　momentous　events　might　transpire　months　before　the　authorities　at　home　could　be　apprised　of　them。

Hagen　had　become　very　ill　on　the　way　from　Charleston　to　Savannah；　and　with　none　of　his　own　people　to　turn　to　he　bethought　himself　of　Whitefield's　offers　of　friendship；　and　went　to　his　house。　He　was　kindly　received　by　those　who　were　living　there；　and　though　he　went　down　to　the　gates　of　death　the　portals　did　not　open；　and　he　rapidly　regained　his　health。

Visiting　Irene　he　found　only　a　few　Indian　women；　for　Tomochichi　was　dead；　and　the　men　were　all　on　the　warpath。　　The　opportunity　of　going　to　the　Cherokees　seemed　very　doubtful；　for　there　were　none　living　nearer　than　three　hundred　miles；　and　distances　looked　much　greater　in　the　Georgia　forests　than　in　his　own　populous　Germany。　So　he　concluded　to　accept　the　kind　offers　of　Whitefield's　household；　and　stay　with　them；　making　himself　useful　in　the　garden；　and　doing　such　religious　work　as　he　was　able。　　Several　Germans　living　in　the　town；　who　had　learned　to　like　the　Moravians；　asked　him　to　hold　services　for　them；　to　which　he　gladly　agreed。

He　was　much　pleased　with　the　prospect　for　work　in　Savannah；　where　the　people　had　been　greatly　stirred　by　Whitefield's　preaching；　and　he　wrote　to　Herrnhut　urging　that　two　married　couples　be　sent　to　help　reap　the　harvest；　a　request　warmly　seconded　by　Whitefield；　who　had　returned　to　Savannah　on　June　16th。　　Whitefield　reported　the　Moravians　busily　engaged　in　erecting　a　Negro　school…house　for　him　in　Pennsylvania；　and　told　Hagen　he　would　like　to　have　the　two　couples　come　to　assist　him　in　carrying　out　his　large　plans　for　Georgia。

But　by　the　14th　of　August　this　invitation　had　been　withdrawn；　Hagen　had　left　Whitefield's　house；　and　had　been　refused　work　on　Whitefield's　plantation；　for　fear　that　he　might　contaminate　the　Whitefield　converts。　The　trouble　arose　over　a　discussion　on　Predestination；　　not　the　first　or　last　time　this　has　happened；　　and　the　two　men　found　themselves　utterly　at　variance；　for　Whitefield　held　the　extreme　Calvinistic　view；　while　Hagen　argued　that　all　men　who　would　might　be　saved。　　Hagen　therefore　went　to　the　home　of　John　Brownfield；　who　shared　his　views；　and　made　him　very　welcome；　and　from　there　carried　on　his　work　among　the　residents　of　Savannah　and　Purisburg。

Whitefield　returned　to　Pennsylvania　in　November；　1740；　nursing　his　wrath　against　Hagen；　and　finding　Boehler　to　be　of　the　same　mind；　he　peremptorily　ordered　the　Moravians　to　leave　his　land。　　Neighbors　interfered；　and　cried　shame　on　him　for　turning　the　little　company　adrift　in　the　depth　of　winter；　and　he　finally　agreed　to　let　them　stay　for　a　while　in　the　log　cabin　which　was　sheltering　them　while　they　were　building　the　large　stone　house。　　The　opportune　arrival　of　Bishop　Nitschmann　and　his　company；　and　the　purchase　of　the　Bethlehem　tract；　soon　relieved　them　from　their　uncomfortable　position；　and　later　the　Nazareth　tract　was　bought　from　Whitefield；　and　the　work　they　had　begun　for　him　was　completed　for　their　own　use。

Whitefield；　in　after　years；　rather　excused　himself　for　his　first　harshness　toward　the　Moravians；　but　a　letter　written　by　him　to　a　friend　in　1742；　is　a　good　statement　of　the　armed　truce　which　existed　among　the　great　religious　leaders　of　that　day。　　〃Where　the　spirit　of　God　is　in　any　great　degree；　there　will　be　union　of　avail；　tho'　there　may　be　difference　in　sentiments。　　This　I　have　learnt；　my　dear　Brother；　by　happy　experience；　and　find　great　freedom　and　peace　in　my　soul　thereby。　This　makes　me　love　the　Moravian　Brethren　tho'　I　cannot　agree　with　them　in　many　of　their　principles。　　I　cannot　look　upon　them　as　willful　deceivers；　but　as　persons　who　hazard　their　lives　for　the　sake　of　the　Gospel。　Mr。　Wesley　is　as　certainly　wrong　in　some　things　as　they；　and　Mr。　Law　as　wrong　also。　　Yet　I　believe　both　Mr。　Law　and　Mr。　Wesley　and　Count　Zinzendorf　will　shine　bright　in　Glory。　　I　have　not　given　way　to　the　Moravian　Brethren；　nor　any　other　who　I　thought　were　in　the　wrong；　no；　not　for　one　hour。　　But　I　think　it　best　not　to　dispute　when　there　is　no　probability　of　convincing。〃

Hagen　remained　in　Savannah　until　February；　1742；　when　he　went　to　Bethlehem；　accompanied　by　Abraham　Bueninger；　of　Purisburg；　who　entered　the　Moravian　ministry　in　1742；　and　labored　among　the　Indians；　the　white　settlers；　and　in　the　West　Indies。

Nine　more　residents　of　Georgia　followed　the　Moravians　to　Bethlehem　in　1745；　John　Brownfield；　James　Burnside　and　his　daughter　Rebecca；　Henry　Ferdinand　Beck；　his　wife　Barbara；　their　daughter　Maria　Christina；　and　their　sons　Jonathan　and　David；　all　of　Savannah；　and　Anna　Catharine　Kremper；　of　Purisburg。　　All　of　these　served　faithfully　in　various　important　offices；　and　were　valuable　fruit　of　the　efforts　in　Georgia。

John　Hagen　was　appointed　Warden　of　the　Nazareth　congregation；　when　it　was　organized；　and　died　at　Shamokin　in　1747。

　　　　　　　　　　　　1746。

General　Oglethorpe　was　much　impressed　by　the　industry　of　the　Moravians　in　Savannah；　and　was　sorry　to　see　them　leave　the　Province。　　In　October；　1746；　therefore；　he　proposed　to　Count　Zinzendorf　that　a　new　attempt　should　be　made　further　up　the　Savannah　River。　　He　offered　to　give　them　five　hundred　and　twenty…six　acres　near　Purisburg；　and　to　arrange　for　two　men　to　be　stationed　in　Augusta；　either　as　licensed　Traders；　for　many　Indians　came　there；　or　as　Schoolmasters。

Zinzendorf　thought　well　of　the　plan；　and　accepted　the　tract；　which　Oglethorpe　deeded　to　him　Nov。　1st；　1746；　the　land　lying　on　the　Carolina　side　of　the　Savannah　River；　adjoining　the　township　of　Purisburg；　where　Boehler　and　Schulius　had　made　many　friends。

No　colonists；　however；　were　sent　over；　and　the　title　to　the　land　lapsed　for　lack　of　occupancy；　as　that　to　Old　Fort；　on　the　Ogeechee；　had　already　done。

　　　　　　　　　　　　1774。

Early　in　1774；　Mr。　Knox；　Under…Secretary　of　State　in　London；　asked　for　missionaries　to　preach　the　Gospel　to　the　slaves　on　his　plantation　in　Georgia。　He　offered　a　small　piece　of　land；　whereon　they　might　live　independently；　and　promised　ample　store　of　provisions。

This　time　the　plan　was　carried　into　execution；　and　Ludwig　Mueller；　formerly　teacher　in　the　Pedagogium　at　Niesky；　with　John　George　Wagner　as　his　companion；　went　to　England；　and　sailed　from　there　to　Georgia。　They　settled　on　Mr。　Knox's　plantation；　and　at　once　began　to　visit　and　instruct　the　slaves；　and　preach　to　the　whites　living　in　the　neighborhood。　　〃Knoxborough〃　lay　on　a　creek　about　sixteen　miles　from　Savannah；　midway　between　that　town　and　Ebenezer。　The　land　had　been　settled　by　Germans；　Salzburgers　and　Wittenbergers；　and　Mr。　Knox　had　bought　up　their　fifty　acre　tracts；　combining　them　into　a　large　rice　plantation。　　The　homes　of　the　Germans　had　been　allowed　to　fall　into　ruin；　the　overseer　occupying　a　three…roomed　house；　with　an　outside　kitchen。　　Mueller　was　given　a　room　in　the　overseer's　house；　preaching　there　to　the　white　neighbors　who　chose　to　hear　him；　and　to　the　negroes　in　the　large　shed　that　sheltered　the　stamping　mill。　Wagner　occupied　a　room　cut　off　from　the　kitchen。

In　February；　1775；　Frederick　William　Marshall；　Agent　of　the　Unitas　Fratrum　on　the　Wachovia　Tract　in　North　Carolina；　（with　headquarters　at　Salem）　visited　Georgia　to　inspect　the　Moravian　property　there；　accompanied　by　Andrew　Broesing；　who　joined　Mueller　and　Wagner　in　their　missionary　work。　　It　had　been　suggested　that　the　Moravians　preach　in　a　church　at　a　little　place　called　Goshen；　near　〃Knoxborough〃；　a　church　which　had　been　built　by　subscriptions　of　Germans　and　English　living　in　the　neighborhood；　and　had　been　used　occasionally　by　a　preacher　from　Ebenezer。

At　this　time　the　Salzburgers　were　in　a　very　bad　condition。　Bolzius　had　died　in　1765；　and　Rabenhorst　and　Triebner；　who　shared　the　pastorate；　were　greatly　at　varia