the moravians in georgia-第12部分
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the Moravian Congregation at Savannah； and that he would at once apply to the Trustees to vest the title in that body； and if he left Georgia before this was accomplished he would give a full Power of Attorney to Toeltschig。 From the first his land had been used as the common property of the party； and he desired that the nine men； who； with him； were bound to the repayment of the 60 Pounds； borrowed from the Trustees； should have the use of it until that obligation was met； and then it should be used as the Savannah Congregation thought best。
Nitschmann's land seems to have been held in a different way； although granted at the same time； and under similar circumstances。 July 11th； Spangenberg sent him a detailed description of the town and garden lots； explaining the advantages and difficulties of cultivation； suggesting several methods by which it could be done； and giving the approximate cost； urging that instructions be sent as to his wishes。 Later he wrote that the company had decided not to wait for Nitschmann's reply； but to clear the garden on the terms usual in Georgia； e。g。； that the man who cleared a piece of ground held it rent free for seven years； when it reverted to the owner。 This had been done； and the garden was ready to plant and fence； and if Nitschmann approved they intended to clear the farm； and would build a small house on the town lot。 Zinzendorf had suggested that negroes be employed on Nitschmann's land； but at that time slavery was prohibited in Georgia； and any negroes who ran away from Carolina were at once returned to their masters。
The two farms lay side by side about four miles from Savannah； the gardens； also adjoining； were about two miles from town； so it was necessary to build cabins at both places； as shelters from sun and storm； which the settlers found equally trying。 Two additional cabins had been built in Savannah on Spangenberg's lot； and by the end of the year a house； thirty…four by eighteen feet in size； was under roof； though not yet finished。 This gave an abundance of room； not only for themselves； but for the second company to whose arrival they were looking forward with such eagerness。
When this reinforcement came they hoped to move to Zinzendorf's tract； and then； as soon as they could be spared； Demuth； Haberecht； Waschke and the two Haberlands wished to claim the twenty acres apiece which the Trustees had promised to the Count's 〃servants〃。 Riedel was of the same mind； but he did not live to see the arrival of the second company。 Some months after reaching Georgia； he was dangerously ill with fever； but passed the crisis successfully； and recovered his full strength。 He was one of the party who went to survey Zinzendorf's tract； but was taken sick again three days after the boat left Savannah； and by the time they returned he was obliged to go to bed； and soon became delirious。 The other Moravians were greatly distressed； but could do nothing except nurse him carefully and pray for him earnestly； and toward the end his mind cleared； though his body had lost the power to recuperate。 He died on the 30th of September； the first Moravian to 〃fall asleep〃 in the United States； though others had given up their lives for the mission work in the West Indies。 His spiritual condition had at times caused much concern to Toeltschig； who was especially charged with the religious welfare of the first company； many of whom had been under his care in Germany； but in the main he had been an earnest man； a willing and industrious partaker in the common toil； and his death caused much regret。 The burial customs in Savannah included the ringing of bells； a funeral sermon； and a volley of musketry； but learning that these ceremonies were not obligatory the Moravians declined the offer of the citizens to so honor their Brother； and laid him to rest in the Savannah cemetery with a simple service of hymns and prayer。
As they were robing Riedel for his burial； a young man came to the door； and asked if he could not make them some pewter spoons。 In the conversations that followed it developed that he was a native of Switzerland； the son of a physician； and after his father's death he had sailed for Pennsylvania； intending there to begin the practice of medicine。 But his fellow…passengers stole his books and everything he had； he was unable to pay for his transportation； and forced to sell his service for seven years as a redemptioner。 At the end of five years he had become quite ill； and his master； having waited six months for his recovery； heartlessly turned him out； to live or die as the case might be。 Instead of dying； his strength returned； and then his former master demanded 10 Pounds Pennsylvania currency； for his unexpired term； although only 5 Pounds had been paid for him； and he had served five years。 The young man was obliged to promise to pay this； and Spangenberg encouraged him to push his spoon…making； in order to do it as speedily as possible。 Meanwhile the Moravians were so much pleased with his appearance and speech； that they agreed to receive him into their company for as long as he chose to stay； and John Regnier soon became an important factor in their comfort。 Spiritually he was somewhat at sea。 At one time he had desired to be a hermit； and then he had drifted from one sect to another； seeking something which he could not find； but acquiring a medley of odd customs。 Spangenberg advised him to turn his thoughts from men to God； learning from Him 〃what was better and higher； Faith； Love； Hope； etc。〃； and under the Moravian influence he gradually laid aside his unwise fancies； giving them encouragement to believe that he would eventually come into the clearer light； as they knew it。
In material things John Regnier was of great assistance； owing to his ability to turn his hand to almost anything。 The shoes of the party were badly torn； but though they had brought leather and tools from England none of them knew the cobbler's trade。 John Regnier had never made a shoe； but he took it up； and soon provided for them all； and then he mended their clothing； and added new garments。 He also showed much aptitude for nursing； and Spangenberg put him in charge of several cases。 A man from a neighboring village sent word that he had severed an artery and could not check the bleeding； and asked for help。 Regnier went to him； and was so successful in his treatment that in two weeks the man was entirely restored。 Some one discovered a poor Scotchman； dying with dropsy； lying utterly neglected upon the floor of a miserable hut； and appeal was made to the Moravians to take him and care for him。 They did so； moving him to one of their cabins； where they made him a bed； and Regnier nursed him until death ended his sufferings。 Another man had high fever； and no friends； and him also the Moravians took； and cared for； the Trustee's agent furnishing food and medicine for the sick； but offering no recompense for the care they received。
Indeed； as the months passed by； the Moravians established a reputation for charity and for hospitality。 Not only had they kept free of dispute with the Salzburgers； but the friendliest relations existed； and the Moravian cabins were always open to them when they came to Savannah。 Nor were they slow to avail themselves of the kindness。 Gronau and Bolzius often lodged with them； and others came in groups of nine or ten to spend the night。 During the evening stories would be exchanged as to their circumstances in the home lands； and their reasons for leaving there； and then sometimes the hosts would spread hay upon the floor for their guests； at other times give up their own beds； and themselves sleep upon the floor。
With their nearer neighbors in Savannah； they were also upon cordial terms； though they found few who cared for religious things。 The Jews were particularly courteous to them； inviting Spangenberg into their Synagogue； and bringing gifts of meat and fish on several occasions when help was sorely needed on account of the illness of some of their number； for Riedel was not the only one who was seriously ill； though no others died。 All the conditions in Georgia were so different from what they were accustomed to in Germany that it took them some time to adapt themselves； and longer to become really acclimated； and they noticed that the same was true of all new…comers。 All of the Moravians were sick in turn； many suffering from frosted feet； probably injured on the voyage over； but Spangenberg； Toeltschig； Haberecht and Demuth were dangerously ill。 Nearly all of the medicine brought from Europe was gone； and what they could get in Savannah was expensive and they did not understand how to use it； so they were forced to depend on careful nursing and simple remedies。 Turpentine could easily be secured from the pines； Spangenberg found an herb which he took to be camomile； which had a satisfactory effect； and with the coming of the cooler autumn weather most of the party recovered their health。
Probably the food was partly responsible for their troubles； though they tried to be careful； and cooked everything thoroughly。 Rice and salt…meat were their chief articles of diet； for bread cost so much that they soon gave it up entirely； sub
