the origins of contemporary france-3-第55部分

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this；　but　of　the　most　unmistakable　proof。〃＇48＇　　〃It　is　the　Trojan

horse；〃　exclaimed　Panis；　〃We　are　lost　if　we　do　not　succeed　in

disemboweling　it。　。　。　。　　The　bomb　explodes　on　the　night　of　August　9…

10。　。　。　　Fifteen　thousand　aristocrats　stand　ready　to　slaughter　all

patriots。〃　　　Patriots；　consequently；　attribute　to　themselves　the　right

to　slaughter　aristocrats。　　　Late　in　June；　in　the　Minimes　section；　〃a

French　guardsman　had　already　determined　to　kill　the　King；〃　if　the　King

persisted　in　his　veto。　When　the　president　of　the　section　wanted　to

expulse　the　regicide；　it　was　the　latter　who　was　retained　and　the

president　was　expelled。＇49＇　　On　the　14th　of　July；　the　day　of　the

Federation　festival；　another　predecessor　of　Louvel　and　Fieschi；

provided　with　a　cutlass；　had　introduced　himself　into　the　battalion　on

duty　at　the　palace；　for　the　same　purpose；　during　the　ceremony　the

crowd　warmed　up；　and；　for　a　moment；　the　King　owed　his　life　to　the

firmness　of　his　escort。　On　the　27th　of　July；　in　the　garden　of　the

Tuileries；　d'Espréménil；　the　old　Constituent＇50＇；　beaten；　slashed；　and

his　clothes　torn；　pursued　like　a　stag　across　the　Palais　Royal；　falls

bleedings　on　a　mattress　at　the　gates　of　the　Treasury。＇51＇　　On　the　29th

of　July；　whilst　one　of　Lafayette's　aides；　M。　Bureau　de　Pusy；　is　at　the

bar　of　the　house；　〃they　try　to　have　a　motion　passed　in　the　Palais

Royal　to　parade　his　head　on　the　end　of　a　pike。〃＇52＇　　　At　this　level

of　rage　and　fear；　the　brutal　and　the　excited　can　wait　no　longer。　On

the　4th　of　August；＇53＇　the　Mauconseil　section　declares　〃to　the

Assembly；　to　the　municipality；　and　to　all　the　citizens　of　Paris；　that

it　no　longer　recognizes　Louis　XVI。　as　King　of　the　French〃。　Its

president；　the　foreman　of　a　tailor's　shop；　and　its　secretary；　employed

in　the　leather　market；　support　their　manifesto　with　three　lines　of　a

tragedy　floating　vaguely　in　their　minds；＇54＇　and　name　the　Boulevard

Madeleine　St。　Honoré　as　a　rendezvous　on　the　following　Sunday　for　all

well…disposed　persons。　On　the　6th　of　August；　Varlet；　a　post…office

clerk；　makes　known　to　the　Assembly；　in　the　name　of　the　petitioners　of

the　Champ　de　Mars；　the　program　of　the　faction：



1。　the　dethronement　of　the　King；



2。　the　indictment；　arrest；　and　speedy　condemnation　of　Lafayette；



3。　the　immediate　convoking　of　the　primary　assemblies；



4。　universal　suffrage；



5。　the　discharge　of　all　staff　officers；



6。　the　renewal　of　the　departmental　directories；



7。　the　recall　of　all　ambassadors；



8。　　the　suppression　of　diplomacy；



9。　　and　a　return　to　the　state　of　nature。



The　Girondins　may　now　delay；　negotiate；　beat　about　and　argue　as　much

as　they　please；　their　hesitation　has　no　other　effect　that　to　consign

them　into　the　background；　as　being　lukewarm　and　timid。　Thanks　to　them；

the　（Jacobin）　faction　now　has　its　deliberative　assemblies；　its

executive　powers；　its　central　seat　of　government；　its　enlarged；　tried；

and　ready　army；　and；　forcibly　or　otherwise；　its　program　will　be

carried　out。







V。



Evening　of　August　8。　　　Session　of　August　9。　　　Morning　of　August

10。…　Assembly　purged。　







The　Assembly　must　first　of　all　be　made　to　depose　the　King。　Several

times　already；＇55＇　on　the　26th　of　July　and　August　4；　clandestine

meetings　had　been　held　where　strangers　decided　the　fate　of　France；　and

gave　the　signal　for　insurrection。　　Restrained　with　great　difficulty；

they　consented　〃to　have　patience　until　August　9；　at　11　o'clock　in　the

evening。〃＇56＇　On　that　day　the　discussion　of　the　dethronement　is　to

take　place　in　the　Assembly；　and　calculations　are　made　on　a　favorable

vote　under　such　a　positive　threat；　its　reluctance　must　yield　to　the

certainty　of　a　military　occupation　　On　the　8th　of　August；　however；

the　Assembly　refuses；　by　a　majority　of　two…thirds；　to　indict　the　great

enemy；　Lafayette。　The　double　amputation　essential　for　State　security；

must　therefore　begin　with　the　destruction　of　this　majority。



The　moment　Lafayette's　acquittal　is　announced；　the　galleries；　usually

so　vociferous；　maintain　〃gloomy　silence。〃＇57＇　The　word　of　command　for

them　is　to　keep　themselves　in　reserve　for　the　streets。　One　by　one　the

deputies　who　voted　for　Lafayette　are　pointed　out　to　the　mob　at　the

doors；　and　a　shout　is　raised；　〃the　rascals；　the　knaves；　the　traitors

living　on　the　civil　list！　Hang　them！　Kill　them！　Put　an　end　to　them！

Mud；　mortar；　plaster；　stones　are　thrown　at　them；　and　they　are　severely

pummeled。　　　M。　Mézières；　in　the　Rue　du　Dauphin；　is　seized　by　the

throat；　and　a　woman　strikes　at　him；　which　he　parries。　In　the　Rue　St。

Honoré；　a　number　of　men　in　red　caps　surround　M。　Regnault…Beauceron；

and　decide　to　〃string　him　up　at　the　lantern〃；　a　man　in　his　jacket　had

already　grabbed　him　from　behind　and　raised　him　up；　when　the　grenadiers

of　Sainte…Opportune　arrive　in　time　to　set　him　free。　In　the　Rue　St。

Louis；　M。　Deuzy；　repeatedly　struck　on　the　back　with　stones；　has　a

saber　twice　raised　over　his　head。　In　the　Passage　des　　Feuillants；　M。

Desbois　is　pummeled；　and　a　〃snuff…box；　his　pocket…book；　and　cane〃　are

stolen　from　him。　In　the　lobbies　of　the　Assembly；　M。　Girardin　is　on　the

point　of　being　assassinated。＇58＇　Eight　deputies　besides　these　are

pursued；　and　take　refuge　in　the　guard…room　of　the　Palais　Royal。　A

Federate　enters　along　with　them；　and　〃there；　his　eyes　sparkling　with

rage　and　thumping　on　the　table　like　a　madman；〃　he　exclaims　to　M。

Dumolard；　who　is　the　best　known：〃　　〃If　you　are　unlucky　enough　to　put

your　feet　in　the　Assembly　again；　I'll　cut　off　your　head　with　my

sword！〃　　　As　to　the　principal　defender　of　Lafayette；　M。　Vaublanc；　he

is　assailed　three　times；　but　he　is　wary　enough　not　to　return　home；　a

number　of　infuriates；　however；　invest　his　house；　yelling　out　that

〃eighty　citizens　are　to　perish　by　their　hands；　and　he　is　one　of　the

first〃；　a　dozen　of　the　gang　ascend　to　his　apartments；　rummage　them　in

every　corner；　make　another　effort　to　find　him　in　the　adjoining　houses；

and；　not　being　able　to　secure　him；　try　to　find　his　family；　he　is

notified　that；　if　he　returns　to　his　house；　he　will　be　massacred。　　In

the　evening；　on　the　Feuillants　terrace；　other　deputies　are　subjected

to　the　same　outrages；　the　gendarmerie　tries　in　vain　to　protect　them；

while　the　'commandant　of　the　National　Guard；　on　leaving　his　post；　is

attacked　and　cut　down。〃＇59＇　　　Meanwhile；　some　of　the　Jacobins　in　the

lobbies　〃doom　the　majority　of　the　Assembly　to　destruction〃；　one　orator

declares　that　〃the　people　have　a　right　to　form　lists　of　proscription；〃

and　the　club　accordingly　decides　on　printing　and　publishing　the　names

of　all　the　deputies　who　acquitted　Lafayette。　　Never　was　physical

constraint　displayed　and　applied　with　such　open　shamelessness。＇60＇



On　the　following　day；　August　9；　armed　men　gather　around　the　approaches

to　the　Assembly；　and　sabers　are　seen　even　in　the　corridors。＇61＇　　The

galleries；　more　imperious　than　ever；　cheer；　and　break　out　in　ironic

shouts　of　triumph　and　approval　every　time　the　attacks　of　the　previous

evening　are　denounced　in　the　tribune。　The　president　calls　the

offenders　to　order　more　than　twenty　times；　but　his　voice　and　his　bell

are　drowned　in　the　uproar。　It　is　impossible　to　express　an　opinion。

Most　of　the　representatives　who　were　maltreated　the　evening　before；

write　that　they　will　not　return；　while　others；　who　are　present；

declare　that　they　will　not　vote　again　〃if　they　cannot　be　secure　of

freedom　of　conscience　in　their　deliberations。〃　　At　this　utterance；

which　expresses　the　secret　sentiment　of　　〃nearly　the　whole　of　the

Assembly；〃＇62＇　　〃all　the　members　of　the　'Right'；　and　many　of　the

'Left'　arise　simultaneously　and　exclaim：　'Yes；　yes；　we　will　debate　no

longer　unless　we　are　free！〃　　　As　usual；　however；　the　majority　gives

away　the　moment　effective　measures　are　to　be　adopted；　its　heart　sinks；

as　it　always　has　done；　on　being　called　upon　to　act　in　self…defense；

while　these　official　declarations；　one　on　top　of　the　other；　in　hiding

from　it　the　gravity　of　the　danger；　sink　it　deeper　in　its　own　timidity。

At　this　same　session　the　syndic…attorney　of　the　department　reports

that　the　mob　is　ready；　that　900　armed　men　had　just　entered　Paris；　that

the　tocsin　would　be　rung　at　midnight；　and　that　the　municipality

tolerates　or　favors　the　insurrection。　At　this　same　session；　the

Minister　of　Justice　gives　notice　that　〃the　laws　are　powerless；〃　and

that　the　government　is　no　longer　responsible。　At　this　same　session；

Pétion；　the　mayor；　almost　avowing　his　complicity；　appears　at　the　bar

of　the　house；　and　declares　positively　that　he　will　have　nothing　to　do

with　the　public　forces；　because　〃it　would　be　arming　one　body　of

citizens　against　another。〃＇63＇　　Every　support　is　evidently　knocked

away。　　　Feeling　that　it　is　abandoned；　the　National　Assembly　gives　up；

and；　as　a　last　expedient；　and　with　a　degree　of　weakness　or　simplicity

which　admirably　depicts　the　legislators　of　the　epoch；　it　adopts　a

philosophic　address　to　the　people；　〃instructing　it　what　to　do　in　the

exerci