artaxerxes-第3部分

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hit　and　slew　Satiphernes；　a　noble　man　and　a　faithful　friend　to
Cyrus。　Then　Cyrus　directed　his　lance　against　the　king；　and　pierced　his
breast　with　it　quite　through　his　armour；　two　inches　deep；　so　that　he
fell　from　his　horse　with　the　stroke。　At　which　those　that　attended
him　being　put　to　flight　and　disorder；　he；　rising　with　a　few；　among
whom　was　Ctesias；　and　making　his　way　to　a　little　hill　not　far　off；
rested　himself。　But　Cyrus；　who　was　in　the　thick　enemy；　was　carried　off
a　great　way　by　the　wildness　of　his　horse；　the　darkness　which　was　now
coming　on　making　it　hard　for　them　to　know　him；　and　for　his　followers
to　find　him。　However；　being　made　elate　with　victory；　and　full　of
confidence　and　force；　he　passed　through　them；　crying　out；　and　that
more　than　once；　in　the　Persian　language；　〃Clear　the　way；　villains；
clear　the　way；〃　which　they　indeed　did；　throwing　themselves　down　at　his
feet。　But　his　tiara　dropped　off　his　head；　and　a　young　Persian；　by　name
Mithridates；　running　by；　struck　a　dart　into　one　of　his　temples　near
his　eye；　not　knowing　who　he　was；　out　of　which　wound　much　blood　gushed；
so　that　Cyrus；　swooning　and　senseless；　fell　off　his　horse。　The　horse
escaped；　and　ran　about　the　field；　but　the　companion　of　Mithridates
took　the　trappings　which　fell　off；　soaked　with　blood。　And　as　Cyrus
slowly　began　to　come　to　himself；　some　eunuchs　who　were　there　tried
to　put　him　on　another　horse；　and　so　convey　him　safe　away。　And　when
he　was　not　able　to　ride；　and　desired　to　walk　on　his　feet；　they　led　and
supported　him；　being　indeed　dizzy　in　the　head　and　reeling；　but
convinced　of　his　being　victorious；　hearing；　as　he　went；　the
fugitives　saluting　Cyrus　as　king；　and　praying　for　grace　and　mercy。
In　the　meantime；　some　wretched；　poverty…stricken　Caunians；　who　in　some
pitiful　employment　as　camp　followers　had　accompanied　the　king's
army；　by　chance　joined　these　attendants　of　Cyrus；　supposing　them　to　be
of　their　own　party。　But　when；　after　a　while；　they　made　out　that
their　coats　over　their　breastplates　were　red；　whereas　all　the　king's
people　wore　white　ones；　they　knew　that　they　were　enemies。　One　of　them；
therefore；　not　dreaming　that　it　was　Cyrus；　ventured　to　strike　him
behind　with　a　dart。　The　vein　under　the　knee　was　cut　open；　and　Cyrus
fell；　and　at　the　same　time　struck　his　wounded　temple　against　a
stone；　and　so　died。　Thus　runs　Ctesias's　account；　tardily；　with　the
slowness　of　a　blunt　weapon　effecting　the　victim's　death。
　　When　he　was　now　dead；　Artasyras；　the　king's　eye；　passed　by　on
horseback；　and；　having　observed　the　eunuchs　lamenting；　he　asked　the
most　trusty　of　them；　〃Who　is　this；　Pariscas；　whom　you　sit　here
deploring？〃　He　replied；　〃Do　not　you　see；　O　Artasyras；　that　it　is　my
master；　Cyrus？〃　Then　Artasyras　wondering；　bade　the　eunuch　be　of　good
cheer；　and　keep　the　dead　body　safe。　And　going　in　all　haste　to
Artaxerxes；　who　had　now　given　up　all　hope　of　his　affairs；　and　was　in
great　suffering　also　with　his　thirst　and　his　wound；　he　with　much　joy
assured　him　that　he　had　seen　Cyrus　dead。　Upon　this；　at　first；　he　set
out　to　go　in　person　to　the　place；　and　commanded　Artasyras　to　conduct
him　where　he　lay。　But　when　there　was　a　great　noise　made　about　the
Greeks；　who　were　said　to　be　in　full　pursuit；　conquering　and　carrying
all　before　them；　he　thought　it　best　to　send　a　number　of　persons　to
see；　and　accordingly　thirty　men　went　with　torches　in　their　hands。
Meantime；　as　he　seemed　to　be　almost　at　the　point　of　dying　from　thirst；
his　eunuch　Satibarzanes　ran　about　seeking　drink　for　him；　for　the　place
had　no　water　in　it　and　he　was　at　a　good　distance　from　his　camp。
After　a　long　search　he　at　last　met　one　of　those　poor　Caunian
camp…followers；　who　had　in　a　wretched　skin　about　four　pints　of　foul
and　stinking　water；　which　he　took　and　gave　to　the　king；　and　when　he
had　drunk　all　off；　he　asked　him　if　he　did　not　dislike　the　water；　but
he　declared　by　all　the　gods　that　he　never　so　much　relished　either
wine；　or　water　out　of　the　lightest　or　purest　stream。　〃And
therefore；〃　said　he；　〃if　I　fail　myself　to　discover　and　reward　him
who　gave　it　to　you；　I　beg　of　heaven　to　make　him　rich　and　prosperous。〃
　　Just　after　this；　came　back　the　thirty　messengers；　with　joy　and
triumph　in　their　looks；　bringing　him　the　tidings　of　his　unexpected
fortune。　And　now　he　was　also　encouraged　by　the　number　of　soldiers　that
again　began　to　flock　in　and　gather　about　him；　so　that　he　presently
descended　into　the　plain　with　many　lights　and　flambeaux　round　about
him。　And　when　he　had　come　near　the　dead　body；　and；　according　to　a
certain　law　of　the　Persians；　the　right　hand　and　head　had　been　lopped
off　from　the　trunk；　he　gave　orders　that　the　latter　should　be　brought
to　him；　and；　grasping　the　hair　of　it；　which　was　long　and　bushy；　he
showed　it　to　those　who　were　still　uncertain　and　disposed　to　fly。
They　were　amazed　at　it；　and　did　him　homage；　so　that　there　were
presently　seventy　thousand　of　them　got　about　him；　and　entered　the　camp
again　with　him。　He　had　led　out　to　the　fight；　as　Ctesias　affirms；
four　hundred　thousand　men。　But　Dinon　and　Xenophon　aver　that　there　were
many　more　than　forty　myriads　actually　engaged。　As　to　the　number　of　the
slain；　as　the　catalogue　of　them　was　given　up　to　Artaxerxes；　Ctesias
says；　they　were　nine　thousand；　but　that　they　appeared　to　him　no
fewer　than　twenty　thousand。　Thus　far　there　is　something　to　be　said
on　both　sides。　But　it　is　a　flagrant　untruth　on　the　part　of　Ctesias
to　say　that　he　was　sent　along　with　Phalinus　the　Zacynthian　and　some
others　to　the　Grecians。　For　Xenophon　knew　well　enough　that　Ctesias　was
resident　at　court；　for　he　makes　mention　of　him；　and　had　evidently
met　with　his　writings。　And；　therefore；　had　he　come；　and　been　deputed
the　interpreter　of　such　momentous　words；　Xenophon　surely　would　not
have　struck　his　name　out　of　the　embassy　to　mention　only　Phalinus。
But　Ctesias；　as　is　evident；　being　excessively　vainglorious　and　no　less
a　favourer　of　the　Lacedaemonians　and　Clearchus；　never　fails　to
assume　to　himself　some　province　in　his　narrative；　taking
opportunity；　in　these　situations；　to　introduce　abundant　high　praise　of
Clearchus　and　Sparta。
　　When　the　battle　was　over；　Artaxerxes　sent　goodly　and　magnificent
gifts　to　the　son　of　Artagerses；　whom　Cyrus　slew。　He　conferred　likewise
high　honours　upon　Ctesias　and　others；　and；　having　found　out　the
Caunian　who　gave　him　the　bottle　of　water；　he　made　him…　a　poor；　obscure
man…　a　rich　and　an　honourable　person。　As　for　the　punishments　he
inflicted　upon　delinquents；　there　was　a　kind　of　harmony　betwixt　them
and　the　crimes。　He　gave　order　that　one　Arbaces；　a　Mede；　that　had
fled　in　the　fight　to　Cyrus　and　again　at　his　fall　had　come　back；
should；　as　a　mark　that　he　was　considered　a　dastardly　and　effeminate；
not　a　dangerous　or　treasonable　man；　have　a　common　harlot　set　upon
his　back；　and　carry　her　about　for　a　whole　day　in　the　market…place。
Another；　besides　that　he　had　deserted　to　them；　having　falsely
vaunted　that　he　had　killed　two　of　the　rebels；　he　decreed　that　three
needles　should　be　struck　through　his　tongue。　And　both　supposing　that
with　his　own　hand　he　had　cut　off　Cyrus；　and　being　willing　that　all　men
should　think　and　say　so；　he　sent　rich　presents　to　Mithridates；　who
first　wounded　him；　and　charged　those　by　whom　he　conveyed　the　gifts
to　him　to　tell　him；　that　〃the　king　has　honoured　you　with　these　his
favours；　because　you　found　and　brought　him　the　horse…trappings　of
Cyrus。〃
　　The　Carian；　also；　from　whose　wound　in　the　ham　Cyrus　died；　suing
for　his　reward；　he　commanded　those　that　brought　it　him　to　say　that
〃the　king　presents　you　with　this　as　a　second　remuneration　of　the
good　news　told　him；　for　first　Artasyras；　and；　next　to　him；　you　assured
him　of　the　decease　of　Cyrus。〃　Mithridates　retired　without　complaint；
though　not　without　resentment。　But　the　unfortunate　Carian　was　fool
enough　to　give　way　to　a　natural　infirmity。　For　being　ravished　with　the
sight　of　the　princely　gifts　that　were　before　him；　and　being　tempted
thereupon　to　challenge　and　aspire　to　things　above　him；　he　deigned
not　to　accept　the　king's　present　as　a　reward　for　good　news；　but
indignantly　crying　out　and　appealing　to　witnesses；　he　protested　that
he；　and　none　but　he；　had　killed　Cyrus；　and　that　he　was　unjustly
deprived　of　the　glory。　These　words；　when　they　came　to　his　ear；　much
offended　the　king；　so　that　forthwith　he　sentenced　him　to　be
beheaded。　But　the　queen　mother；　being　in　the　king's　presence；　said；
〃Let　not　the　king　so　lightly　discharge　this　pernicious　Carian；　let　him
receive　from　me　the　fitting　punishment　of　what　he　dares　to　say。〃　So
when　the　king　had　consigned　him　over　to　Parysatis；　she　charged　the
executioners　to　take　up　the　man；　and　stretch　him　upon　the　rack　for　ten
days；　then；　tearing　out　his　eyes；　to　drop　molten　brass　into　his　ears
till　he　expired。
　　Mithridates；　also；　within　a　short　time　after；　miserably　perished
by　the　like　folly；　for　being　invited　to　a　feast　where　were　the　eunuchs
both　of　the　king　and　of　the　queen　mother；　he　came　arrayed　in　the　dress
and　the　golden　ornaments　which　he　had　received　from　the　king。　After
they　began　to　drink；　the　eunuch　that　was　the　greatest　in　power　with
Parysatis　thus　speaks　to　him：　〃A　magnificent　dress；　indeed；　O
Mithridates；　is　this　which　the　king　has　given　you；　the　chain