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envoy; M。 de Balachof; is in French;



'100' An allusion to the murder of Paul I。



'101' Stanislas de Girardin; 〃Mémoires;〃 III。; 249。  (Reception of

Niv?se 12; year X。) The First consul addresses the Senate: 〃Citizens;

I warn you that I regard the nomination of Daunou to the senate as a

personal insult; and you know that I have never put up with one。〃 …

〃Correspondance de Napoleon I。〃 (Letter of Sept。23; 1809; to M。 de

Champagny): 〃The Emperor Francis insulted me in writing to me that I

cede nothing to him; when; out of consideration for him; I have

reduced my demands nearly one…half。〃 (Instead of 2;750;000 Austrian

subjects he demanded only 1;600;000。) … Roederer; III。; 377  (Jan。24;

1801): 〃The French people must put up with my defects if they find I

am of service to them; it is my fault that I cannot endure insults。〃



'102' M。 de Metternich; II。; 378。  (Letter to the Emperor of Austria;

July 28; 1810。)



'103' Note presented by the French ambassador; Otto; Aug。 17; 1802。



'104' Stanislas Girardin; III。; 296。  (Words of the First consul;

Floreal 24; year XI。): 〃I had proposed to the British minister; for

several months; to make an arrangement by which a law should be passed

in France and in England prohibiting newspapers and the members of the

government from expressing either good or ill of foreign governments。

He never would consent to it。〃 … St。 Girardin: 〃He could not。〃 …

Bonaparte: 〃Why? 〃 … St。 Girardin: 〃Because an agreement of that sort

would have been opposed to the fundamental law of the country。〃

Bonaparte: 〃I have a poor opinion;〃 etc。



'105' Hansard; vol。 XXXVI。; p。1298。  (Dispatch of Lord Whitworth;

Feb。21; 1803; conversation with the First consul at the Tuileries。) …

Seeley; 'A Short History of Napoleon the First。〃 〃Trifles  is a

softened expression; Lord Whitworth adds in a parenthesis which has

never been printed; 〃the expression he made use of is too

insignificant and too low to have a place in a dispatch or anywhere

else; save in the mouth of a hack…driver。〃



'106' Lanfrey; 〃Histoire de Napoléon;〃 II。; 482。  (Words of the First

consul to the Swiss delegates; conference of January 29; 1803。)



'107' Sir Neil Campbell; 〃Napoleon at Fontainebleau and Elba;〃 p。201。

(The words of Napoleon to Sir Neil Campbell and to the other

commissioners。) … The Mémorial de Sainte Helene mentions the same plan

in almost identical terms。 … Pelet de la Lozère; 〃Opinions de Napoléon

au conseil d'état;〃 p。238 (session of March 4; 1806): 〃Within forty…

eight hours after peace with England; I shall interdict foreign

commodities and promulgate a navigation act forbidding any other than

French vessels entering our ports; built of French timber; and with

the crews two…thirds French。  Even coal and English 'milords' shall

land only under the French flag。〃 … Ibid。; 32。



'108' Moniteur; January 30; 1803 (Sebastiani)。



'109' Hansard; vol。 XXXVI。; p。1298。 (Lord Whitworth's dispatch;

Feb。21; 1803; the First Consul's words to Lord Whitworth。)



'110' 〃Memorial。〃 (Napoleon's own words; March 24; 1806。)



'111' Lanfrey; II。; 476。  (Note to Otto; October 23; 1802。) …

Thiers;VI。; 249。



'112' Letter to Clarke; Minister of War; Jan。 18; 1814。 〃 If; at

Leipsic; I had had 30;000 cannon balls to fire off on the evening of

the 18th; I should to…day be master of the world。〃



'113' 〃Memorial;〃 Nov。 30; 1815。



'114' Lanfrey; III。; …  399。  Letters of Talleyrand; October 11 and

27; 1805; and memorandum addressed to Napoleon。



'115' At the council held in relation to the future marriage of

Napoleon; Cambacérès vainly supported an alliance with the Russians。

The following week; he says to M。 Pasquier: 〃When one has only one

good reason to give and it cannot possibly be given; it is natural

that one should be beaten。 。 。 ; You will see that it is so good that

one phrase suffices to make its force fully understood。 I am deeply

convinced that in two years we shall have a war with that of two

powers whose daughter the Emperor does not marry。  Now a war with

Austria does not cause me any uneasiness; and I tremble at a war with

Russia。  The consequences are incalculable。〃 〃Souvenirs〃; by PASQUIER

(Etienne…Dennis; duc); Librarie Plon;  Paris 1893。  Vol I。; p 293; p

378。)。



'116' M。 de Metternich; II。; 305。  (Letter to the Emperor of Austria;

Aug。10; 1809。) … Ibid。 403。。 (Letter of Jan。11; 1811。) 〃My

appreciation of Napoleon's plans and projects; at bottom; has never

varied。  The monstrous purpose of the complete subjection of the

continent under one head was; and is still; his object。〃



'117' 〃Correspondance de Napoleon I。〃  (Letter to the King of

Wurtemberg; April 2; 1814): 〃The war will take place in spite of him

(the Emperor Alexander); in spite of me; in spite of the interests of

France and those of Russia。  Having already seen this so often; it is

my past experience which enables me to unveil the future;〃



'118' Mollien; III。; 135; 190。 … In 1810 〃prices have increased 400%

on sugar; and 100 % on cotton and dye stuffs。〃 … 〃 More than 20;000

custom…house officers were employed on the frontier against more than

100;000 smugglers; in constant activity and favored by the

population。〃 …  〃Souvenirs〃; by PASQUIER (Etienne…Dennis; duc);

Librarie Plon;  Paris 1893。…; I。; 387。 … There were licenses for

importing colonial products; but on condition of exporting a

proportionate quantity of French manufactures; now; England refused to

receive them。 Consequently; 〃not being allowed to bring these articles

back to France; they were thrown overboard。〃 … 〃They began at first by

devoting the refuse of manufactures to this trade; and then ended by

manufacturing articles without other destination; for example; at

Lyons; taffetas and satins。〃



'119' Proclamation of Dec。27; 1805: 〃The Naples dynasty has ceased to

reign。  Its existence is incompatible with the repose of Europe and

the honor of my  crown。〃 … Message to the Senate; Dec。 10; 1810: 〃Fresh

guarantees having become necessary; the annexation to the Empire of

the mouths of the Escaut; the Meuse; the Rhine; the Ems; the Weser;

and the Elbe; seemed to me to be the first and most important。 。 。 。

The annexation of the Valais is an anticipated result of the vast

works I have undertaken for the past ten years in that section of the

Alps。〃



'120' We are familiar with the Spanish affair。  His treatment of

Portugal is anterior and of same order。…〃 Correspondance。〃 (Letter to

Junot; Oct。31; 1807): … 'I have already informed you; that in

authorizing you to enter as an auxiliary; it was to enable you to

possess yourself of the (Portuguese) fleet; but my mind was made up to

take Portugal。〃 … (Letter to Junot; Dec。 23; 1807): 〃Disarm the

country。  Send all the Portuguese troops to France。 。 。 。 I want them

out of the country。  Have all princes; ministers; and other men who

serve as rallying points; sent to France。〃 … (Decree of Dec。 23;

1807): 〃 An extra contribution of 100 million francs shall be imposed

on the kingdom of Portugal; to redeem all property; of whatever

denomination; belonging to private parties。 。 。  All property

belonging to the Queen of Portugal; to the prince…regent; and to

princes in appanage; 。 。 。 。 all the possessions of the nobles who

have followed the king; on his abandoning the country; and who had not

returned to the kingdom before February 1; shall be put under

sequestration。〃 … Cf。 M。 d'Haussonville; 〃L'église Romaine et le

premier Empire;〃 5 vols。 (especially the last volume)。  No other work

enables one to see into Napoleon's object and proceedings better nor

more closely。



'121' 〃Souvenirs du feu duc de Broglie;〃 p。143。 (As a specimen of

steps taken in time of war; see the register of Marshal Bessières'

orders; commandant at Valladolid from April 11 to July 15; 1811。) …

〃Correspondance du Roi Jérome;〃 letter of Jerome to Napoleon; Dec。 5;

1811。  (Showing the situation of a vanquished people in times of

peace): 〃If war should break out; all countries between the Rhine and

the Oder will become the center of a vast and active insurrection。

The mighty cause of this dangerous movement is not merely hatred of

the French; and impatience of a foreign yoke; but rather in the

misfortunes of the day; in the total ruin of all classes; in over…

taxation; consisting of war levies; the maintenance of troops;

soldiers traversing the country; and every sort of constantly renewed

vexation。 。 。 。 At Hanover; Magdebourg; and in the principal towns of

my kingdom; owners of property are abandoning their dwellings and

vainly trying to dispose of them at the lowest prices。 。 。 。 Misery

everywhere presses on families; capital is exhausted; the noble; the

peasant; the bourgeois; are crushed with debt and want。 。 。 。 The

despair of populations no longer having anything  to lose; because all

has been taken away; is to be feared。〃 … De Pradt; p。73。   (Specimen

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