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efficient cooperation。 When General McDowell is in position on your
right； his supplies must be drawn from West Point； and you will
instruct your staff…officers to be prepared to supply him by that
route。
The President desires that General McDowell retain the command of the
Department of the Rappahannock and of the forces with which he moves
forward。
By order of the President：
EDWIN M。 STANTON； Secretary of War。
MAJOR…GENERAL GEORGE B。 McCLELLAN；
Commanding Army of the Potomac； before Richmond。
PROCLAMATION REVOKING
GENERAL HUNTER'S ORDER
OF MILITARY EMANCIPATION； MAY 19； 1862。
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA：
A Proclamation
Whereas there appears in the public prints what purports to be a
proclamation of Major general Hunter； in the words and figures
following； to wit：
（General Orders No。 11）
HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE SOUTH； HILTON HEAD； PORT ROYAL； S。 C。；
May 9； 1862。
〃The three States of Georgia； Florida； and South Carolina； comprising
the military department of the South； having deliberately declared
themselves no longer under the protection of the United States of
America； and having taken up arms against the said United States； it
became a military necessity to declare martial law。 This was
accordingly done on the 25th day of April； 1862。 Slavery and martial
law in a free country are altogether incompatible。 The persons in
these three States： Georgia Florida； and South Carolinaheretofore
held as slaves are therefore declared forever free。
〃By command of Major…General D。 Hunter：
〃（Official。）ED。 W。 SMITH；
〃Acting Assistant Adjutant…General。〃
And whereas the same is producing some excitement and
misunderstanding： therefore；
I； Abraham Lincoln； President of the United States； proclaim and
declare that the Government of the United States； had no knowledge；
information； or belief of an intention on the part of General Hunter
to issue such a proclamation； nor has it yet any authentic
information that the document is genuine。 And further； that neither
General Hunter nor any other commander or person has been authorized
by the Government of the United States to make a proclamation
declaring the slaves of any State free； and that the supposed
proclamation now in question； whether genuine or false； is altogether
void so far as respects such a declaration。
I further make known that whether it be competent for me； as
commander…in…chief of the army and navy； to declare the slaves of any
State or States free； and whether； at any time； in any case； it shall
have become a necessity indispensable to the maintenance of the
government to exercise such supposed power； are questions which under
my responsibility I reserve to myself； and which I cannot feel
justified in leaving to the decision of commanders in the field。
These are totally different questions from those of police
regulations in armies and camps。
On the sixth day of March last； by special message； I recommended to
Congress the adoption of a joint resolution； to be substantially as
follows：
Resolved； That the United States ought to co…operate with any State
which may adopt gradual abolishment of slavery； giving to such State
pecuniary aid； to be used by such State； in its discretion； to
compensate for the inconvenience； public and private； produced by
such change of system。
The resolution in the language above quoted was adopted by large
majorities in both branches of Congress； and now stands an authentic；
definite； and solemn proposal of the nation to the States and people
most immediately interested in the subject…matter。 To the people of
those States I now earnestly appeal。 I do not argueI beseech you
to make arguments for yourselves。 You cannot； if you would； be blind
to the signs of the times。 I beg of you a calm and enlarged
consideration of them； ranging； if it may be； far above personal and
partisan politics。 This proposal makes common cause for a common
object； casting no reproaches upon any。 It acts not the Pharisee。
The change it contemplates would come gently as the dews of heaven；
not rending or wrecking anything。 Will you not embrace it？ So much
good has not been done； by one effort； in all past time； as in the
providence of God it is now your high privilege to do。 May the vast
future not have to lament that you have neglected it。
In witness whereof； I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal
of the United States to be affixed。
Done at the city of Washington； this nineteenth day of May； in the
year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty…two； and of
the independence of the United States the eighty…sixth。
ABRAHAM LINCOLN。
By the President：
WILLIAM H。 SEWARD； Secretary of State。
TELEGRAM TO GENERAL G。 E。 McCLELLAN。
WASHINGTON； May 21； 1862。
MAJOR…GENERAL McCLELLAN：
I have just been waited on by a large committee who present a
petition signed by twenty…three senators and eighty…four
representatives asking me to restore General Hamilton to his
division。 I wish to do this； and yet I do not wish to be understood
as rebuking you。 Please answer at once。
A。 LINCOLN。
TELEGRAM TO GENERAL G。 B。 McCLELLAN。
WASHINGTON CITY； May 22； 1862。
MAJOR…GENERAL McCLELLAN：
Your long despatch of yesterday just received。 You will have just
such control of General McDowell and his forces as you therein
indicate。 McDowell can reach you by land sooner than he could get
aboard of boats； if the boats were ready at Fredericksburg； unless
his march shall be resisted； in which case the force resisting him
will certainly not be confronting you at Richmond。 By land he can
reach you in five days after starting； whereas by water he would not
reach you in two weeks； judging by past experience。 Franklin's
single division did not reach you in ten days after I ordered it。
A。 LINCOLN；
President United States。
TELEGRAM TO GENERAL McCLELLAN。
WASHINGTON； May 24； 1862。 4 PM。
MAJOR…GENERAL G。 B。 McCLELLAN：
In consequence of General Banks's critical position； I have been
compelled to suspend General McDowell's movements to join you。 The
enemy are making a desperate push upon Harper's Ferry； and we are
trying to throw General Fremont's force and part of General
McDowell's in their rear。
A。 LINCOLN； President。
TELEGRAM TO GENERAL McCLELLAN
WASHINGTON May 24； 1862。
MAJOR…GENERAL GEORGE B。 McCLELLAN：
I left General McDowell's camp at dark last evening。 Shields's
command is there； but it is so worn that he cannot move before Monday
morning； the 26th。 We have so thinned our line to get troops for
other places that it was broken yesterday at Front Royal； with a
probable loss to us of one regiment infantry； two Companies cavalry；
putting General Banks in some peril。
The enemy's forces under General Anderson now opposing General
McDowell's advance have as their line of supply and retreat the road
to Richmond。
If； in conjunction with McDowell's movement against Anderson； you
could send a force from your right to cut off the enemy's supplies
from Richmond； preserve the railroad bridges across the two forks of
the Pamunkey； and intercept the enemy's retreat； you will prevent the
army now opposed to you from receiving an accession of numbers of
nearly 15；000 men； and if you succeed in saving the bridges you will
secure a line of railroad for supplies in addition to the one you now
have。 Can you not do this almost as well as not while you are
building the Chickahominy bridges？ McDowell and Shields both say
they can； and positively will； move Monday morning。 I wish you to
move cautiously and safely。
You will have command of McDowell； after he joins you； precisely as
you indicated in your long despatch to us of the 21st。
A。 LINCOLN。
TELEGRAM TO GENERAL RUFUS SAXTON。
WAR DEPARTMENT； May； 24 1862。 2 P。M。
GENERAL SAXTON：
Geary reports Jackson with 20；000 moving from Ashby's Gap by the
Little River turnpike； through Aldie； toward Centreville。 This he
says is reliable。 He is also informed of large forces south of him。
We know a force of some 15；000 broke up Saturday night from in front
of Fredericksburg and went we know not where。 Please inform us； if
possible； what has become of the force which pursued Banks yesterday；
also any other information you have。
A。 LINCOLN
TELEGRAM TO COLONEL D。 S。 MILES。
WAR DEPARTMENT； May 24； 1862。 1。30 P。M。
COLONEL MILES； Harper's Ferry； Virginia
Could you not send scouts from Winchester who would tell whether
enemy are north of Banks； moving on Winchester？ What is the latest
you have？
A。 LINCOLN。
TELEGRAM TO GENERAL J。 C。 FREMONT。
WAR DEPARTMENT； May 24
